Refrigerating apparatus.



J. HEINRICH.

REFRIGEEATING APPARATUS.

APPLIO ATION FILED MAY 12, 19084 Patented Dec. 7,1909.

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J HEINRICH.

RBFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1908.

942,499, Patented Dec.7,1909.

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WITNESSES: INVENZ 0R.

A M 'A TT'ORNEJ sired refrigeration,

, successively recompressed and reexpandeda cams STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HEINRICH, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE -HALF-TO EDWARDT. POWERS, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOU'BIL REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Pat ented Dec. 7, 1909.

- Application filed May 12, 1908. Serial No. 432,404.

To all whom it many concern:

'Be it known that I, JOHN Hnmmon, a

citizen of the United States, residing at My invention relates toimprovements in' '10 refrigerating apparatus.

It relates particularly to the type of-refrigerating apparatus in whichrefrigerating'fluid is first compressed and condensed, then permitted toexpand to effect the dethe expanded fluid being The object of myinvention is to provide novel means by which the pressure of therefrigerating fluid automatically controls the operation of thecompressing mechanism.

In the preferred form of my invention an electric motor is employed tooperate the compressing mechanism, means being provided by which theoperation of the motor 251 is controlled by pressure of therefrigerating Other novelfeatures of my invention are hereinafter fullydescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings illustrative of my invention-Figure 1 is adiagrammatic view of the complete apparatus. Fig. 2 is a view partly inelevation and partly in vertical sectioh of the circuit controllingmechanism,

in solid and dotted lines representing the I positions of these partswhen the circuit is. respectively open and closed. -Fig. 3 1s a top viewpartly in horizontalsection of what shown n. Fig. .2. Fig. 4: is adiagrammatic ."ley 3 connected by a be1t4 with a pulley 5, secur'ed onthe armatureishaft .6- of an ordie of electric motor "7. 8. denotesinclosing a sinii-' .9,'which serves as nary t the re 'igerating casing-ously formed conductor expansion chamben:

the positions of. the

35 rheostat operating mechanism being shown.

vlew of the ,electric circuit in which the 10' denotes a con-I ductorfor conveying compressed fluid, such -as ammonia, from the compressingcylinders 1 to the expansion chamber 9. One end of the conductor -10 isprovided with two branch conductors 11 connected respectively with thecompression cylinders 1. In the conductor 10 is located a receptacle 12for receiving liquid ammonia. Intermediate the branches 11 and thereceptacle 12 the conductor 10 .is provided -with a helically formedportion 13, located in a receptacle.

14 adapted to contain a cooling medium, such as water. The discharge endof the conductor 10 is connected with a valve casing15, connected to theinlet end of the expansion chamber 9 and provided with a valve 16 forcontrolling theflow of refrigerating liquid into the expansion chamber.

17 denotes a conductor having one end conthe valve casing 15 andthereceptacle '12,

the other end of the conductor 17 being connected toa pressure gage 18of any -suitable type. .19 denotes a return conductor connected at itsinlet end to the expansion chamber 9. and provided at its discharge end.n'ected .with the conductor 10 intermediate 1 with two branchconductors 20 discharging into the cylinders 1.. The conrespectivelyprovided with a helically formed 'ductor 19 is portion 21 located withinthe helical portion a 13 from which it is adapted to receive heatthrough the intermediacy of the cooling liquid in which said helicalportions are im-. 5

mersed. 22 denotes a conductor having one 'end connected to the returnconductor 19, the other end being connectedto one .end of a cylinder 23having at its opposite end an air inlet 24. 'Reciprocatively: mounted inthe cylinder 23, intermediate the inlet 24 and conductor 22, is a piston25, to one end .ofwhich is secured a' piston rod 26 provided at itsouterend with a transverse-pin 27 longitudinally movable in alongitudinal slot 28 provided in one end of a pivoted le ver 29, whichforms thelever of an ordinary rheostat which is provided with a seriesof contacts 30,- consecutively connected with 'eachother by the ordinaryresistance coils- 31. 32 denotes anordinary switch lever.

adapted to have electrical contactfwith the ins contact-. 33 which isconnected'by a conductor 34. with one brush of a motor 7 ,the otherbrush of which is connected by a conductor 35'.,with-one-brush of adynamo 36, the other brush of which is'connected by a conductor- 37 withthe pivot 3 8 on whichthe lever 29 is mounted. The lever 32 is connectedby a conductor 39 with oneof,the end contacts 30 of the rheostat. 39denotes a pressure gage of any ordinary type which is connected by aconductor with the conductor 22.

In the operationof my invention, the switchflever 32 isfirstswung to aposition in contact with the contact 33. The lever 29 is then swungmanually to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2'in whichposition the circuit will be closed, and the motor 7 will receivecurrentfrom ithe generator 36, and wi 1 start running. he driving shaft2 of the compressor will thus be driven through the intermediacy. of thearmature shaft 6, pulley 5, belt 4 and pulley 31 The compressor inrunning will force compressed -refrigerating' fluid-into the expansionchamber 9, the valve 16 first having been opened, through the branches11, conductor 10 which includes'the helical portion 13 and receptacle12. The compressed fluid will be condensed in the helical portion 13 andwill be deposited in the form of liquid in the receptacle 12. Uponentering the valve casing and passing the valve 16,'the

fluid will be converted into gas and passing into the expansion chamber9 will efiect'refrigeration by reason of its expansion, in the ordinarymanner. The exp nded fluid -will then be conveyed from the expansionchamber 9 .into the conductor 19, through.

the helical portion 2.1, and thence by the branches 20 it w1ll pass intothe compressing cylinders 1 in W ich'itwill be compressed, andv willthen b subjected to cooling" and expansion as above described. The con-"the predominance o gaspressure in the cylinder will force the ductor 22being connected with the conductor 19 will be charged with fluid at thesame pressure as'that held in the conductor 19.. Normally the pressurein the conductors l9 and 22 will be above the atmospheric pressure, sothat the piston 25 and lever 29 will normally be held in the posit-ionde-. noted by dotted lines in Fig, 2. In" case that the pressure inconductors 19 and 22 should fall below atmospheric, the air entering theair inlet 24 of the cylinder 23, due to atmospheric over the piston 25and lever 29 to the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 2, inwhichposition the circuit will be broken and the'motor 7. beingunsupplied with current will slow down, thus-causing the compressor toslow down in its operation. By turning the valve 16 so as to admit more.liquid intothe ex-. pansion chamber from the conductor 10,

.the pressure in'theexpansion chamber-will be increased, as will thepressure in con ductors 191 and 22, above the atmospheric pressure andthe piston 25 and lever 29 will again be forced to the pOsitionshoWn indotted lines in Fig. 2, thus again closing the circuit and .thereby themotor 7- will be supplied ,with current and will again run at fullspeed, thus driving the compressor at maximum speed. When it is desiredto stop the action of the compressor this may be done by closing thevalve 16. The compressor will soon reduce the pressure in the Iexpansion cha1nber9 and conductors 19 and 22 below atmospheric pressure,upon which the circuit containing the motor 7 willbe broken as alreadydescribed, and the motor and compressor will cease operating. From theforegoing, it will be understood pressor may be caused to supply justthe required amount of fluid to retain the chamber 8 at a predeterminedtemperature, When the temperature of said chamber lowers below thispredetermined point, by reason of coolness. of the atmosphere or byreason of too much supply of refrigerant, the pressure that byregulating the valve 16, the comv in the chamber or conductor 9 willlower and the motor will stop, Incase the temperature rises above thepredetermined .point by. reason of the refrigerator doors being openedor fresh-warm articles placed in the refrigerator, the fluid in theconductor 9 will be increased in pressure due to the in crease oftemperature, and the motor will be againput intooperation.

My invention may be modified in different ways,'within the scope of the"appended claims withoutdeparting from its spirit.

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patcut is 1. In a refrigeratlngapparatus, the com- "binatlon with means. for compressing a re- 1frigeratingfluid, of a motor for operating 1 said compresslng means, anexpanslon chamber, a conductor for conveying compressed fluid from saidcompresslng means to s'aid expansion chamber, a return conductor for=-conveying the expanded fluid to said compressing means, andmeanscontrolled by the cpn'ductor for 6onstopped in operation whenthepressure in 'saidreturn conductor rises above or falls belowrespectively the atmospheric pressure.

3. In arefrigerating apparatus, the com-' 'bination with'a compressioncylinder, of a Having thus described my'invention, what piston mountedthere1-n,.'a motor, means connected with said motor for operatin saidlston, an expansion chamber, a con uctor or conveying compressed fluidfrom said -.s1on chamber, a returnconductor for concylinder to turnconductor'for conveyingthe expanded fluid from said chamber to saidcylinder, and means by which increase and decrease in pressure insaidreturn conductor will respectively start and stop the running ofsaid motor.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor, of meansoperated by the motor for compressing a refrigerating fluid, anexpansion chamber, aconductor for conveying. compressed fluid from thecompressing means to said expansion chamber, a valve controlling thedischarge of fluid from said conductor into said expanveying expandedfluid from the expansion chamber to said compression means, and meanscontrolled by the pressure in said return conductor for controlling therunning of said motor.

5. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor, of meansoperated thereby for compressing a refrigerating fluid,.an expansionchamber, a' conductor for conveying compressed fluid from said.

compressing means to said expansion chamber, a return conductorconnecting the exa pressing means to said expansion chamber,

ber, a cylinder, a piston reciprocative there.-

means for controlling the. discharge from the said conductor into theexpansionchamin, a-return conductor connecting said chamberwith thecompressing means, means actuated by said piston for controlling saidmo:

and 'a conductorconnected with the return conductor and with saidcylinder at one side of said piston. 1

7 In a refrigerating apparatus, the com bination with a motor located inan electric circuit, of current generating meansin said circuit, meansfor openingand closing said circuit, means actuated by said motor forcompressing a refrigerating fluid, an expansion chamber, a conductorfor-conveying compressed fluid from said compressing means to saidexpansion chamber, a return conductor connecting said expansion chamberwith said compressing means, and means controlled by the pressure insaid return conductor for controlling the operation of said opening andclosing means.

said expansion chamber, a reexpansion chamber,

bination with a motor 8; In a refrigerating apparatus, the combinationwith a motor located in .an electiuc circuit, of current generatingmeans 1n sa1d .circuit, meansfor opening and closingsaid circuit, meansactuated by said motor for compressing}; refrigerating fluid, anexpansion chamber, regulatable means for controlling t-he discharge'ofcompressed fluid into said expansion chamber, a conductor for.conveying' compressed :fluid from the compressing means to saidexpansion chamber, a return conductor-connecting sa1d expansion chamberwith said compressing means, and

means by which increase and decrease in pressure in said returnconductor operates said opening and closing means. 9. In a refrigeratingapparatus, the enmbination with a-motor located in an electric circuit,ofeurrent generating means in said circuit,.opening and closing means insaid circuit comprising a rheostat, means -'actu-- ated by said motor"for compressing a refrigerating fluid, an expanslon'chamber, a

conductor for conveying compressed fluid from the compressing means tosa1d chamber, a return conductor connecting said chamber with saidcompressing means, and. means controlled by the pressure in said res.turn conductor for controlling said opening and closing means.

.10. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor locatedin an electrlc circuit, of current generating means in said circuit, arheostat'in sa1d c1rcu1t, fluidcomr pressing means actuated by" saidmotor, an a conductor for conveying compressed fluid from saidcompressing meansto-said chamber, a valve controlling the discharge offluid from said conductor into said chamber, a return conductor con--necting said chamber with said compressing means, and means controlledby the pressure in said return conductor forcontrolling the operation ofsaid rheostat,.

11. In a refrigerating apparatus, the comlocated an electric circuit, ofcurrent generating means in said circuit, opening and closingmeans insaid circuit, a piston, a cylinder inwhich said vpiston is reciprocated,means actuated by .said piston for operating the opening and closingmeans, means actuated by said motor for compressing a refrigeratingfluid,- an expansion chamber, a conductor for conveying fluid from saidcompressing means to 'said chamber, a return conductor connecting saidchamber with sa1d compressing means, and

a conductor connecting sa1d return conductor with said cylinder at oneside of said piston. 12. In -a refrigerating apparatus, the combinationwith a motor located in an electric circuit, of a current generator insaid circult, a. rheostat 1n sai circuit, a cylinder, a

piston. reciprocative. therein for controlling said rheostat, means"actuatedby said motor for compressing a refrigerating fluid, anexpansion chamber, two conductors for respectively conveying fluid fromsaid compressing means to said chamber and from said chamber to 'saidcompressing means, and a conductor connecting one of said conductorswith said cylinder at one side of said piston. j l

13. In a refrigerating apparatus, thecom- .b1nat1on'w1th a motor, agenerator, and a rheostat all located .m an electric circuit, of

a cylinder, a piston reciprocative in saidfrom said compressing meansto'said chamfirst named conductoninto said chamber,

and aconductor connected With said return conductorand with saidcylinder at one side of said piston. i r

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this application inpresence of two subscribing, Witnesses.

' JOHN HEINRICH.

Witnesses: 1 r

- E. B. HOUSE,"

E. '1. POWERS.

